How capital gains tax works in Romania
Romania changed the investment-gain rates from 1 January 2026. For securities and derivative transactions carried out through the qualifying intermediaries covered by the Fiscal Code, the final withholding rate is 3% when the asset was held for more than 365 days and 6% when held for less than 365 days.
For transfers not made through those intermediaries, including the relevant direct transactions and investment-gold transfers, the 2026 rate is 16% on the annual net gain under the ordinary declaration rules. Loss calculation, reporting and the exact intermediary status matter.
Cryptoasset transfers are taxed separately at 16% on the positive gain from 2026, with a small-transaction exemption when the gain is below RON 200 per transaction and total annual gains stay within RON 600. Sales of Romanian real estate are subject to a separate transfer tax administered through the notarial process.
Tax rates at a glance
- Securities held over 365 days
- 3%2026 final withholding
- Securities held under 365 days
- 6%
- Non-intermediated investment gains
- 16%
- Crypto gains
- 16%
- Crypto small-transaction threshold
- RON 200 / RON 600
- Personal real-estate transfer
- 3%
Who benefits most
These profiles tend to benefit most when the rules match their real residence, payroll and business setup.
Long-term investorsActive tradersCrypto holdersProperty investorsPortfolio companies
Watch out for
- The 3% and 6% rates apply to the qualifying intermediary regime. A foreign platform or transaction outside the statutory intermediary rules can push the gain into the 16% annual-declaration regime.
- Romania's 2026 crypto rate is 16%, not the 10% rate still shown in many older guides. The small-transaction exemption is conditional and does not make larger gains tax-free.
- The separate property-transfer tax is not a general capital-gains tax. It is calculated on the transfer value after the statutory RON 450,000 non-taxable amount, with notaries applying the collection rules.
- Dividends and interest are investment income but are not the same as a securities disposal. Dividend tax and possible CASS should be analysed separately.
Frequently asked questions
What is Romania's stock-market capital-gains tax in 2026?
Through qualifying intermediaries, the rate is 3% for securities held more than 365 days and 6% for securities held less than 365 days. Other transaction routes can be taxed at 16% under annual declaration rules.
Does Romania tax crypto gains?
Yes. From 2026 the rate is 16% on the positive gain, subject to the statutory small-transaction exemption and annual filing rules.
Is selling Romanian property tax-free?
No general tax-free holding-period rule applies. A personal real-estate transfer is generally subject to a 3% tax on the transfer value after the RON 450,000 non-taxable amount, subject to statutory exceptions.