How crypto tax works in Brazil
Brazil treats crypto disposals like other capital assets: monthly net gains face 15%, 17.5%, 20%, or 22.5% depending on gain size, with months totalling sales up to BRL 35,000 exempt.
Crypto-to-crypto swaps, spending, and fiat conversions all realise gains in reais at market value, with cost tracked per asset and losses offsettable only within the same asset class rules.
Domestic exchanges report monthly under IN 1888, individuals declare foreign holdings above thresholds, and the 2026 foreign-asset annual regime adds disclosure layers.
Tax rates at a glance
- Investor gains
- 15% - 22.5%
- Monthly exemption
- BRL 35,000
- Small gains band
- 15%
- Top gains band
- 22.5%
- Mining income
- Progressive
- Staking rewards
- Taxable
Who benefits most
These profiles tend to benefit most when the rules match their real residence, payroll and business setup.
Long-term holdersActive tradersFreelancers paid in cryptoExpatsMiners
Watch out for
- The BRL 35,000 test runs on total monthly sales, not gains, so liquidating a large break-even position can still breach the exemption and force gain computation.
- Offshore exchange activity sits under foreign-asset disclosure as well as gain rules, which doubles the filing surface for DeFi and foreign-platform users.
- New dividend and high-income rules from 2025 change total-bracket planning, which interacts with progressive crypto bands in high-gain years.
- IN 1888 exchange feeds let Receita pre-fill and cross-check, so return positions need to reconcile with platform data rather than approximate it.
Frequently asked questions
How is crypto taxed in Brazil?
Monthly net gains face 15% to 22.5% by size, with months totalling sales up to BRL 35,000 exempt. Swaps and spends realise gains in reais, and exchanges report monthly.
Is swapping crypto taxable in Brazil?
Yes. Crypto-to-crypto trades realise gains measured in reais at market value, with cost basis tracked per asset. Only the monthly sales threshold can shelter small months.
Do I declare foreign crypto in Brazil?
Yes. Foreign holdings face disclosure thresholds and the annual foreign-asset framework, on top of monthly gain computation for disposals.