[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":770},["ShallowReactive",2],{"page-seo-\u002Fcountry\u002Funited-states\u002Fcrypto-tax":3,"all-country-compare-pairs":147},{"page":4,"parsedFilters":41},{"id":5,"title":6,"bestFor":7,"body":13,"country":33,"countryFacts":34,"countrySlug":40,"description":19,"excerpt":41,"extension":42,"faqs":43,"flag":53,"heroImage":41,"howItWorks":54,"lastUpdated":58,"meta":59,"metaDescription":60,"metaTitle":61,"navigation":62,"otherTaxes":63,"pageType":92,"path":93,"relatedFormations":94,"relatedGuides":95,"seo":96,"stem":97,"summaryCards":98,"taxBracketSections":115,"taxBrackets":116,"taxRates":117,"taxSlug":138,"taxType":139,"visas":140,"watchOut":141,"__hash__":146},"taxes\u002Fcountry\u002Funited-states\u002Fcrypto-tax.md","Crypto tax in the United States",[8,9,10,11,12],"Long-term holders","Employees paid in crypto","Miners and stakers","Active traders","Expats",{"type":14,"value":15,"toc":29},"minimark",[16,20,23,26],[17,18,19],"p",{},"American crypto tax starts from one IRS sentence: virtual currency is property, not currency. That classification pulls every sale, swap, and spend into the familiar machinery of basis, holding periods, and capital gains, with Form 8949 and Schedule D as the reporting backbone.",[17,21,22],{},"Holding period is the main lever. Patient holders who cross the one-year mark unlock the 0%, 15%, and 20% federal bands, while short-term flippers pay ordinary rates that can reach 37% before state tax and the 3.8% investment surtax for higher earners. Earned crypto is harsher still: miners, validators, and employees report fair market value as ordinary income on receipt, then track a second gain or loss when those same coins are later sold.",[17,24,25],{},"Enforcement has moved from guidance to data. The digital-asset question sits on Form 1040, exchanges issue information returns, and basis reporting is phasing in, so reconstructed histories need to match third-party records. Record every acquisition price plus fees, every disposal value in dollars, and every income event with its date. For US persons abroad, none of this disappears with a move: citizenship-based taxation keeps worldwide crypto gains in scope, making the exit and foreign-credit analysis as important as the trade itself.",[17,27,28],{},"State conformity adds a final layer that federal guides gloss over: most states start from federal adjusted gross income but differ on loss carryovers, rates, and conformity dates. High-tax-state residents should model state marginal cost alongside federal bands, time realisations around moves with part-year allocation rules in mind, and keep state-specific basis adjustments where local law decouples from federal treatment.",{"title":30,"searchDepth":31,"depth":31,"links":32},"",2,[],"United States",{"region":35,"currency":36,"taxTreaties":37,"euBlacklist":38,"fatfStatus":39},"North America","USD","60+","N\u002FA","Compliant","united-states",null,"md",[44,47,50],{"question":45,"answer":46},"How is crypto taxed in the United States?","As property. Disposals produce capital gain or loss based on holding period, while mining, staking, airdrops, and crypto wages are ordinary income at fair market value on receipt.",{"question":48,"answer":49},"What is the long-term capital gains rate on crypto?","For crypto held more than one year, the federal rates are generally 0%, 15%, or 20% depending on taxable income, plus a possible 3.8% net investment income tax and state tax.",{"question":51,"answer":52},"Is swapping one crypto for another taxable?","Yes. The IRS treats a crypto-to-crypto exchange as a sale of the coin given up, measured against its basis, followed by acquisition of the new coin at fair market value.","🇺🇸",[55,56,57],"The IRS treats convertible virtual currency as property, so selling coins for dollars, swapping one token for another, or spending crypto on goods and services is a disposal measured against cost basis.","Assets held more than one year qualify for preferential long-term capital gains rates of 0%, 15%, or 20% at federal level, while holdings of one year or less are taxed at ordinary income rates plus any state tax.","Mining rewards, staking income, airdrops, and wages paid in crypto are ordinary income at fair market value when received, and that value becomes the cost basis for any later disposal gain or loss.","September 2026",{},"United States crypto tax guide for investors and earners. See IRS property treatment, long-term versus short-term rates, mining and staking income, and reporting.","US crypto tax: property rules and capital gains rates (2026)",true,[64,68,72,76,80,84,88],{"title":65,"slug":66,"icon":67},"Income tax","income-tax","💼",{"title":69,"slug":70,"icon":71},"Wealth tax","wealth-tax","💰",{"title":73,"slug":74,"icon":75},"Inheritance tax","inheritance-tax","🏛️",{"title":77,"slug":78,"icon":79},"Capital gains tax","capital-gains-tax","📈",{"title":81,"slug":82,"icon":83},"Corporate tax","corporate-tax","🏢",{"title":85,"slug":86,"icon":87},"Dividend tax","dividend-tax","💸",{"title":89,"slug":90,"icon":91},"VAT \u002F sales tax","vat-sales-tax","🧾","tax","\u002Fcountry\u002Funited-states\u002Fcrypto-tax",[],[],{"title":6,"description":19},"country\u002Funited-states\u002Fcrypto-tax",[99,103,107,111],{"label":100,"value":101,"note":102},"Crypto classification","Property","Not currency",{"label":104,"value":105,"note":106},"Long-term gains","0% - 20%","Held 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crypto property, but loss-harvesting schemes still face economic-substance scrutiny and possible future legislation.","Brokers now report gross proceeds on Form 1099-DA, with basis reporting phasing in, which narrows the gap between exchange records and filed returns.","US citizens are taxed on worldwide crypto income wherever they live, and state tax adds a second layer that follows residence and sourcing 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taxes","\u002Fcompare\u002Fandorra-vs-monaco","andorra","monaco","Andorra","Monaco","🇦🇩","🇲🇨",{"title":158,"path":159,"countryASlug":160,"countryBSlug":161,"countryA":162,"countryB":163,"flagA":164,"flagB":165,"excerpt":41},"Argentina vs Portugal taxes","\u002Fcompare\u002Fargentina-vs-portugal","argentina","portugal","Argentina","Portugal","🇦🇷","🇵🇹",{"title":167,"path":168,"countryASlug":169,"countryBSlug":170,"countryA":171,"countryB":172,"flagA":173,"flagB":174,"excerpt":41},"Australia vs Hong Kong taxes","\u002Fcompare\u002Faustralia-vs-hong-kong","australia","hong-kong","Australia","Hong Kong","🇦🇺","🇭🇰",{"title":176,"path":177,"countryASlug":169,"countryBSlug":178,"countryA":171,"countryB":179,"flagA":173,"flagB":180,"excerpt":41},"Australia vs Japan taxes","\u002Fcompare\u002Faustralia-vs-japan","japan","Japan","🇯🇵",{"title":182,"path":183,"countryASlug":169,"countryBSlug":184,"countryA":171,"countryB":185,"flagA":173,"flagB":186,"excerpt":41},"Australia vs New Zealand 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Kingdom taxes","\u002Fcompare\u002Fcanada-vs-united-kingdom","united-kingdom","United Kingdom","🇬🇧",{"title":263,"path":264,"countryASlug":244,"countryBSlug":40,"countryA":245,"countryB":33,"flagA":246,"flagB":53,"excerpt":41},"Canada vs United States taxes","\u002Fcompare\u002Fcanada-vs-united-states",{"title":266,"path":267,"countryASlug":203,"countryBSlug":268,"countryA":205,"countryB":269,"flagA":207,"flagB":270,"excerpt":41},"Cayman Islands vs Bermuda taxes","\u002Fcompare\u002Fcayman-islands-vs-bermuda","bermuda","Bermuda","🇧🇲",{"title":272,"path":273,"countryASlug":274,"countryBSlug":275,"countryA":276,"countryB":277,"flagA":278,"flagB":279,"excerpt":41},"Costa Rica vs Mexico taxes","\u002Fcompare\u002Fcosta-rica-vs-mexico","costa-rica","mexico","Costa Rica","Mexico","🇨🇷","🇲🇽",{"title":281,"path":282,"countryASlug":274,"countryBSlug":221,"countryA":276,"countryB":223,"flagA":278,"flagB":225,"excerpt":41},"Costa Rica vs Panama 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